此系統是什麼
Fuel reaches Gaza only through Kerem Shalom, mostly as UN-facilitated diesel, and runs the generators, wells and desalination that replaced the grid. Entry is dated and partial: OCHA called 550,000 litres on 22 September 2026 far from sufficient, and commercial fuel and the power plant's restart await Israeli approval.
Fuel is the input that converts Gaza's access regime into electricity and water. The World Bank reported in May 2026 that prioritised humanitarian facilities run on diesel generators with UNOPS-supplied fuel, wells are generator- and fuel-dependent (UNICEF), and the southern desalination plant falls back to diesel when its one feeder fails. Each approval decision on fuel or oil is therefore also a decision about water production.
信心:中等 截至2026-10-02檢視於2026-10-12
系統
- 概覽
- With the Gaza Power Plant shut since October 2023 and one Israeli feeder line operating, fuel is what Gaza's remaining electricity and water run on. Diesel enters through Kerem Shalom and is collected under UNOPS facilitation; OCHA's situation reports give it in dated windows that are not comparable with one another: about 1.57 million litres of diesel plus about 46,000 litres of benzine on 6–16 March 2026, about 560,750 litres on 1–7 April, over 500,000 litres on 16–21 April, 730,000 litres on 22–29 April and just over 1 million litres on 1–9 June. On 22 September OCHA reported 550,000 litres allowed in and called it "far from sufficient". A weekly index compiled by the Next Century Foundation, citing Gaza's de facto Crossings and Borders Authority, counted 48 fuel tankers of diesel and cooking gas through Kerem Shalom on 2–8 October. Engine oil is a separate bottleneck: OCHA recorded 13,445 litres approved against 92,778 litres pending between 1 March and early September, and a water-sector partner brought in 882 litres on 16 September. On 23 September OCHA listed commercial fuel entry and the power plant's resumption among critical approvals still pending.
- 依賴它的事物
- Near-total. There is no domestic fuel production, the power plant is shut, and only one Israeli feeder line operates, so almost every working pump, well and generator in the Strip depends on fuel entering through one crossing. The Palestinian Water Authority says it has provided about 14 million litres of fuel to run about 240 water facilities, a cumulative figure over an unstated period.
- 中斷造成的影響
- When fuel or oil falls short, generators stop and wells and desalination produce less; OCHA names restricted engine oil, spare parts and generators among the constraints on water production, and reported the two southern seawater plants at their lowest recorded output on 2 October 2026. The water and health consequences for people are recorded in the module's humanitarian objects, not here.
- 替代方案與冗餘
- None at the perimeter: fuel enters through one crossing, and commercial fuel entry was still awaiting approval on 23 September 2026 (OCHA). Inside the Strip, solar is the only partial substitute; most of it was damaged (World Bank–EU–UN assessment), solar panels were themselves a pending approval in September 2026 (OCHA), and a Board of Peace recovery plan reported by Axios proposes portable solar kits in a document that is not public.
節點
依此紀錄撰寫時的順序排列 — 這是撰寫的次序,而非路線。
位於加薩走廊、以色列與埃及交界處的過境點,貨物經此進入加薩。根據OCHA與Gisha,自2026年5月24日Zikim關閉以來,它一直是進入加薩走廊的唯一貨物通道。2026年2月28日,與伊朗的戰爭開始時,以色列關閉了所有加薩過境點,並自3月3日起逐步重新開放克瑞沙洛。
在此系統中自2026年5月24日以來唯一運作中的貨物過境點(OCHA),也是柴油與烹飪用瓦斯的入口。
為何重要克瑞沙洛是衡量加薩進出制度之處,而過境點運作並不等於援助送達。2026年3月中旬,聯合國報告,在過境點運作期間其行動幾乎全遭拒絕;在2026年7月的某一週,OCHA記錄埃及路線只有百分之42、阿什杜德路線只有百分之65的物資卸貨。以色列的COGAT與聯合國統計的是不同的東西——COGAT計算所有卡車,而且根據Gisha,自2026年初起將12個棧板計為一輛卡車——因此每一個數量數字都帶有其發布者的定義。
觀察重點有日期的運作狀態變化;UN2720關於聯合國管道貨物的卸貨與收取數字;OCHA對遭拒絕與受阻行動的統計;任何第二個貨物入口的重新開放。
邊境口岸 信心:中等 截至2026-10 在地圖上顯示 →
加薩走廊的發電廠,位於加薩中部的Nuseirat地區。自2023年10月起因缺乏燃料而停機。2026年9月23日,OCHA將其恢復運作列為仍待核准的關鍵項目之一。
在此系統中自2023年10月起因缺乏燃料而停機;其恢復運作在2026年9月23日仍待核准(OCHA)。
為何重要發電廠是否運轉,是加薩電力系統最清楚的單一指標,因為該系統中幾乎其他一切不是被摧毀就是臨時拼湊:世界銀行於2026年5月報告,只有一條以色列饋電線路在運作,為單一一座海水淡化廠供電,而優先的人道設施則以柴油發電機運轉。恢復運轉取決於經由克瑞沙洛進入的燃料與以色列的核准,而不只取決於發電廠本身。
觀察重點OCHA、世界銀行或COGAT所述關於該廠恢復運作及其附帶燃料安排的核准;任何有日期的發電報告。加薩管理國家委員會負責人於2026年1月表示,恢復運轉「似乎按計畫進行」;截至10月,尚無恢復運轉的報告。
發電廠 信心:中等 截至2026-09-23 在地圖上顯示 →
位於加薩走廊南部的海水淡化廠,由於所閱讀的來源都未提供其確切位置,此處將其置於Deir al-Balah地區。各來源對其命名不一:世界銀行稱之為「southern Short-Term Low-Volume Desalination Plant」,UNICEF稱之為「Southern Gaza Seawater Desalination Plant」;OCHA也報告Deir al-Balah有一座「Al Basa」廠,可能是也可能不是同一設施。根據世界銀行(2026年5月),它是唯一由仍在運作、進入加薩的那一條以色列電力線路供電的設施。
在此系統中以單一以色列饋電線路運轉,線路故障時改用柴油,如2026年3月25日(UNICEF)。
為何重要這座廠是加薩電力與水系統的交會點:它以單一的4MW Kissufim饋電線路運轉(世界銀行,2026年5月),當電纜接頭於2026年3月25日受損時,它改用柴油,產量不到百分之20,直到數日內重新併網(UNICEF)。OCHA於2026年10月2日報告,南部兩座海水淡化廠的產量處於有紀錄以來的最低點。
觀察重點OCHA與WASH Cluster關於南部海水淡化產量的報告;為該廠供電之饋電線路的任何變化;處理用化學品、薄膜與備用零件的進入;能釐清該廠名稱的來源。
工廠 · 生產或組裝 信心:中等 截至2026-10-02 在地圖上顯示 →
加薩發電廠因缺乏燃料而停機,此後沒有其運作的報告;在2026年9月23日,其恢復運作仍是OCHA所列待核准項目之一。
發電機用機油的核准量遠低於申請量:核准13,445公升,另有92,778公升待核准(OCHA,2026年9月11日)。
OCHA報告獲准進入的數量為550,000公升,「遠遠不足」,並將商業燃料的進入列為仍待核准的關鍵項目之一。
經濟意涵
Commercial fuel entry, still awaiting approval in September 2026, is the difference between a fuel supply that runs only prioritised humanitarian facilities and one that reaches businesses and households.
人道意涵
Water and health services run on the same diesel, so a fuel decision reaches them directly; see the water and health records.
經由此系統的傳導鏈
仍然未知的事項
- OCHA's fuel figures come in windows of different lengths and the series is not continuous after June 2026 apart from the 22 September statement; no total is computed.
- No COGAT fuel-entry figure for September–October 2026 was found.
- The 48-tanker count for 2–8 October is a tertiary compilation of a de facto authority's bulletin and is not confirmed by OCHA.
證據同樣支持的其他解讀
- The engine-oil gap can be read as a dual-use restriction applied to lubricants, or as an approvals backlog; OCHA reports the numbers without the reason.
列出這些解讀,是因為該紀錄本身的評估並非其來源所允許的唯一評估 — 而不是對上述評估的保留。
商業燃料獲得核准(候選)
An OCHA or COGAT statement that commercial fuel entry is approved and operating, as distinct from UN-facilitated humanitarian fuel.
發電廠恢復運轉獲得核准(候選)
A dated statement that the Gaza Power Plant's resumption is approved, and the fuel arrangement attached to it.
此系統涉及的Watch問題
證據經由此系統的常設分析問題,各附最新一次檢視。內容衍生自Watch物件,從不在此重述。
在探索中開啟互動式:選取此紀錄並追蹤與其關聯的內容。
評估截至 — 2026-10-02 最近檢視 — 2026-10-12