約旦與黎凡特 → 以色列與黎凡特

摘要

The Treaty of Peace of 26 October 1994 allocates the waters of the Yarmouk and the Jordan in its Annex II: Israel pumps 12 MCM from the Yarmouk in summer and 13 MCM in winter, concedes a further 20 MCM in winter, and in exchange delivers 20 MCM to Jordan in summer from the Jordan River above Deganya. Storage of Jordanian winter water in Lake Tiberias is commonly cited as a further provision. A 2021 agreement added a sale of 50 MCM a year. Leviathan has supplied Jordan's national electricity company under a 2016 contract. On 28 February 2026 Israel shut Leviathan and Karish as a precaution; Leviathan restarted after about a month, and power shortfalls were reported in Jordan and Egypt. Project Prosperity, the 2022 plan to trade Jordanian solar power for Israeli desalinated water, was set aside when Jordan said in November 2023 that it would not sign.

為何重要

Jordan is the other side of the West Bank's only crossing abroad, the Allenby / King Hussein Bridge, and it depends on Israel for part of its water and power. That dependence is standing context for Jordan's responses to Israeli policy in the West Bank, and the 2026 shutdown showed it can be interrupted by a war Jordan is not party to.

協議

• Treaty of Peace between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Annex II (water) · 簽署於1994-10-26

  UN Treaty Series vol. 2042, No. I-35325. Article 6 and Annex II set the Yarmouk and Jordan allocations and the summer delivery to Jordan; the annex's storage, additional-water and Joint Water Committee provisions were not re-read at P2.

相關事件

• 以色列–約旦和平條約 1994年10月26日

  Diplomatic · Territorial change

• 伊朗戰爭關閉加薩的過境點，並使以色列的離岸天然氣停產 2026年2月28日 – 4月

  Humanitarian · Energy · Economic

仍然未知的事項

• The 2016 gas contract and the 2021 water sale are not published texts; their terms are those reported.
• Whether treaty water deliveries continued unchanged through 2026 is not established from any source read.

證據同樣支持的其他解讀

• The arrangements can be read as Jordan's dependence on Israel, or as mutual: Israel's eastern border and the Allenby crossing rely on Jordan's cooperation. This record carries the economic direction only.

列出這些解讀，是因為該紀錄本身的評估並非其來源所允許的唯一評估 — 而不是對上述評估的保留。