L’Égypte et le Levant → Israël et le Levant

Synthèse

Israeli gas has flowed to Egypt since 2020. In August 2025 the Leviathan partners agreed with Egyptian buyers to supply about 130 bcm through 2040, worth about $35bn: a first phase of 20 bcm from 2026, and a second of 110 bcm that depends on expanding Leviathan's output. Israel's government approved the export on 17 December 2025. On 28 February 2026, the opening day of the war with Iran, Israel shut the Leviathan and Karish fields as a precaution; Leviathan restarted after about a month. Power shortfalls were reported in Egypt and Jordan, which both import Israeli gas. The same precaution had shut the fields during the June 2025 war.

Pourquoi c’est important

Egypt is a ceasefire guarantor and Gaza's southern neighbour, and it also depends on Israeli gas that Israel switches off when it is attacked. The dependency runs through every regional escalation, and it is one reason Cairo's interest in stability on Israel's fronts is material as well as political.

Événements associés

• La guerre contre l’Iran ferme les points de passage de Gaza et arrête le gaz offshore d’Israël 28 févr. – avr. 2026

  Humanitarian · Energy · Economic

Ce qui reste inconnu

• The supply contract is commercial and unpublished; the volumes and value are those reported at signature.
• Whether Karish restarted after April 2026, and whether the fields were shut again later in the war, is not established.
• The scale of Egypt's dependence relative to its other sources, including liquefied gas imports, is not measured here.

Lectures que les éléments permettent aussi

• The shutdowns can be read as evidence of Egypt's exposure, or as the reason Egypt diversifies its supply; the record states the dependency and its interruption, not its future weight.

Figure ici parce que l’évaluation propre à la fiche n’est pas la seule que ses sources permettent — et non comme une réserve sur l’évaluation ci-dessus.