CSP — Permanent Strategic Framework
Coordination framework joining the CMA movements with parts of the Platform, 2021–2024 — the war-fighting coalition that lost Kidal and won Tinzaouatène.
Broad area of activity
Kidal, Gao and Timbuktu regions during the renewed northern war.
Notable history
Formed in 2021 as implementation of the Algiers Agreement stalled, the CSP bridged former separatist and former loyalist movements. When the war with Bamako resumed in 2023 it fought the northern campaign, lost Kidal in November 2023, won at Tinzaouatène in July 2024, and dissolved its fighting core into the FLA that November.
Strengths
Brought former rivals into one framework — the organisational bridge to today’s unified front.
Limitations
Consensus decision-making of a coalition at war; superseded by the FLA.
Lineage & institutional history
Successors: Azawad Liberation Front (FLA)
Coordination platform joining CMA movements with parts of the Platform after the peace process stalled; became the war-fighting coalition of 2023–2024 before its members unified as the FLA.
Key events
Tinzaouatène — the separatists' revenge
CSP fighters, with JNIM claiming a role, rout a Malian–Wagner column near the Algerian border, killing dozens including senior Wagner figures — the group's heaviest publicly documented loss in Africa.
Assessed as of2024-11Last reviewed2026-08-30