Within two weeks of the offensive, over 100,000 people — effectively the entire Armenian population of Karabakh — drive the mountain road to Armenia. Azerbaijan states they may remain or return under Azerbaijani law; virtually none do. UNHCR registers the arrivals in Armenia.
Why it mattersThe largest single displacement in the region since the 1990s and the demographic end of a centuries-old community in place — the event around which questions of return, property, heritage and responsibility will orbit for decades, whatever any treaty says.
Confidence: HighSources: UNHCR data and reporting (South Caucasus) · Reuters · International Crisis GroupMethodologyCorrections