ISIS besieges the Kurdish border town of Kobani (Ayn al-Arab); YPG fighters, with US air support and Iraqi Kurdish reinforcement, hold and then break the assault by January 2015 in the caliphate's first major defeat.
Conflict coverage · Syria
The defence of Kobani
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Why it mattersKobani forged the US–YPG partnership, made the Kurdish force the coalition's ground partner of choice, and became the founding symbol of the self-administration's legitimacy — a status Türkiye contests to this day.
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