Key event

Recapture of Gao and Timbuktu

Jan – Feb 2013 Gao · Timbuktu

What happened

French and Malian forces retake Gao and Timbuktu within three weeks; jihadist forces disperse into the deserts and mountains rather than fight for the cities.

A fast conventional victory that revealed the war's real shape: the enemy did not need cities. The insurgency traded terrain for time and outlasted the intervention that expelled it.

Confidence: High

WhenJan – Feb 2013
WhereGao · Timbuktu
KindMilitary · Territorial change
ArenaNorthern Mali / Azawad

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Where this fits

This is one entry in the Sahel timeline. The full Key Events surface carries every dated turning point with its filters and its essential subset, and this event in place shows what came before and after it. How Vigil grades, dates and sources its claims is set out in the methodology.