La fiche Ce qu’est ce système, d’où il vient, qui le met en œuvre et pour quels modules de Vigil il est pertinent — avec les éléments sur lesquels repose chacun de ces points.
Fiche
Pertinence pour les conflits
Ceci est la fiche unique du catalogue pour ce système. Il est pertinent pour le module ci-dessous ; le Force Atlas de chaque module montre comment il y est employé.
Opérateurs
Russia: Carried by the Tu-95MS and Tu-160 of Long-Range Aviation; the principal air-launched cruise missile of the strike campaign, in continuous production with missiles made in 2026 identified in debris. No stock recorded.
Rôle sur le champ de bataille
Long-range land attack from strategic bombers against fixed targets across Ukraine, launched from Russian airspace and flown at low level along evasive routes in combined salvos with Kalibr, ballistic missiles and Shahed drones.
Points forts
Very long range that lets the bombers launch far from any Ukrainian interceptor, a low-observable airframe and low-level routing, and a production line that has kept output up through sanctions — missiles manufactured in 2026 have been identified in strikes the same year.
Limites
Subsonic and interceptable: Ukraine's Air Force reports high interception rates when the missiles are engaged, and the successive modifications — a second warhead, cluster submunitions, new navigation and a self-protection jammer — are Russia's answer to that record; a bomber fleet that Ukraine has struck at its bases; and a dependence on imported electronics documented in debris. Stock and production figures are not public.
Pertinence pour les campagnes
Dérivé : une organisation participant à ces campagnes porte une association d’équipement typée avec ce système. Ce n’est pas la même chose qu’un emploi documenté du système dans la campagne elle-même.
- La campagne stratégique contre le système électrique ukrainien Since October 2022
via Aerospace Forces (VKS) (Documented, high confidence)
Identification visuelle
A long, slender missile with a flattened, faceted body, folding wings and a ventral engine that lowers after launch; carried on rotary launchers inside the Tu-95MS and Tu-160 and under the wings of the Tu-95MS.
Emploi documenté dans les conflits
In documented use since the first day of the full-scale invasion, through the 2022–23 energy campaign and in every large combined strike since, including the 8 July 2024 strike that hit the Okhmatdyt children's hospital in Kyiv; Ukrainian authorities report the type in per-strike accounting and have documented the four modification stages and the 2026 production dates of recovered missiles. Interception rates published by the Ukrainian Air Force are theirs, and this record does not restate them as measures of system performance.
Opérateurs par composante et par service
- Aerospace Forces (VKS) Documenté
Évalué au — 2026-05 Dernière revue — 2026-09-28