The record What this system is, where it comes from, who operates it and which of Vigil’s modules it is relevant to — with the evidence each of those rests on.
Record
Conflict relevance
This is the catalogue's single record for this system. It is relevant to the module below; each module's Force Atlas shows how it is used there.
Operators
France: French Army light aviation's attack helicopter for Serval and Barkhane; withdrawn with the end of Barkhane. · United Nations / MINUSMA: German Tiger UHT escorts at Gao, 2017–2018; one lost with its crew in July 2017.
Battlefield role
Barkhane's escort and strike helicopter across the Liptako-Gourma — armed reconnaissance over convoy routes and quick reaction to troops in contact, a capability the Malian forces have since only partly replaced with armed drones.
Strengths
A purpose-built attack helicopter with a mast-mounted sight, 30 mm cannon, rockets and anti-tank missiles, able to escort a convoy or answer a contact at night; the fastest firepower the intervention could put over a patrol.
Limitations
A small fleet with demanding maintenance in heat and dust; a helicopter that must return to a base the intervention no longer has. Its relevance to the module is historical — it left with the French withdrawal in 2022.
Visual identification
A slim tandem-seat attack helicopter with stub wings carrying weapons, a mast-mounted sight above the rotor on the HAD and a distinctive narrow, angular fuselage.
Documented conflict use
Flew armed escort and strike sorties throughout Serval and Barkhane, including the November 2019 night operation in the Liptako in which a Tigre and a Cougar collided, killing thirteen French soldiers; German Tigers flew for MINUSMA from Gao, and one crashed with its crew in July 2017. Historical only.
Branch & service operators
- Operation Barkhane Historically associated
Related key events
France withdraws from Mali
President Macron announces the end of Barkhane operations in Mali in February; the last French soldier leaves Malian territory on 15 August 2022, nine years after Serval.
Assessed as of — 2022-11 Last reviewed — 2026-09-28