NATO increases its Black Sea presence

What happened

In response to Russia's actions in the Black Sea region, NATO decides to increase its presence there to improve situational awareness. Allies also step up support for Georgia and Ukraine with training and exercises for maritime forces and coast guards, and with port visits.

The module's southern arena has a different character from its northern one, and this is where the difference becomes institutional: the Black Sea response was about awareness and maritime activity rather than ground formations, which is still the shape of NATO's presence there.

Confidence: High