Mali — Transitional Authorities — United Nations / MINUSMA

ملخص

MINUSMA was created by Security Council resolution 2100 on 25 April 2013 to stabilise the north after the French intervention, and grew into one of the UN's largest operations and its deadliest of the era. Its relationship with successive Malian governments was one of dependence and friction: the state relied on the mission for protection of the northern towns and for logistics it could not provide, while rejecting its human-rights reporting — the Moura investigation above all — and resenting its inability to enforce an accord neither signatory implemented. The transitional authorities demanded its immediate departure on 16 June 2023; resolution 2690 ended the mandate on 30 June with a withdrawal to be completed by 31 December; the camps at Ber, Tessalit and Kidal were handed over or demolished under contested conditions; and the fighting for those camps between the army and the CMA began within weeks. The UN's humanitarian agencies and the Security Council's panel of experts remain; the peacekeeping instrument does not.

لماذا يهم

The mission's exit is the hinge of the module's chronology: it removed the presence that had held the northern question frozen, opened the road to the Kidal recapture and the Algiers accord's termination, and removed a documentation and payroll presence from the northern towns at once. Every humanitarian figure the module now carries for Mali comes from the agencies the mission left behind.

الأحداث ذات الصلة

• تأسيس بعثة مينوسما أبريل 2013

  دبلوماسي · عسكري

• توقيع اتفاق الجزائر مايو – يونيو 2015

  دبلوماسي

• الجيش يستعيد كيدال 14 نوفمبر 2023

  عسكري · تغيّر إقليمي

• مالي تطرد بعثة مينوسما يونيو – ديسمبر 2023

  دبلوماسي · عسكري

المنظمات

البنى التي تعمل هذه العلاقة من خلالها. ليست أطرافًا فيها — فالطرفان هما الجهتان الفاعلتان المذكورتان أعلاه.

الأماكن

علامات ينشرها هذا الملف أصلًا. ولا يضيف هذا السجل أي دقة جغرافية خاصة به.

ما لا يزال مجهولًا

• The terms on which individual camps were handed over, and what materiel remained in them, are contested between the UN, the government and the CMA and are not adjudicated here.
• What residual UN presence — beyond the humanitarian agencies and the panel of experts — remains in the north is not described in public in enough detail to record.