紀錄 此系統是什麼、源自何處、由誰使用，以及與Vigil的哪些模組相關——並附上每一項所依據的證據。
紀錄
使用方
Russia: Fired once at Dnipro on 21 November 2024, announced by President Putin the same day as a new intermediate-range missile tested in combat conditions. On 30 December 2025 Russia's Defence Ministry stated that a Strategic Missile Forces unit armed with the system had gone on combat duty in Belarus. Numbers, basing and readiness are not published and are not stated here.
戰場角色
Not a battlefield weapon on its one use: a demonstration of an intermediate-range system with a multiple-warhead conventional payload against an industrial target, announced by the head of state and framed as a response to Western long-range weapon permissions. Its military role, if used again, is strike against large fixed targets that no Ukrainian air defence can engage.
優勢
Ballistic speed and multiple independently falling warheads that Ukraine's air defence has no demonstrated means of intercepting; range that reaches all of Ukraine and much of Europe from Russian or Belarusian territory; and the political weight of a system described by its user as a new class.
限制
One use in two years. The warheads at Dnipro carried no reported explosive effect commensurate with the system, and the industrial target remained standing; the payload Ukrainian intelligence described — six warheads each releasing six submunitions — is a kinetic rather than a destructive configuration. Production is stated by the Kremlin as serial and is not observed. Ukraine's General Staff has since confirmed strikes on the Kapustin Yar range from which the November 2024 launch was made.
與戰役的關聯
推導所得：這些戰役中的一個參與組織，與此系統有一筆具類型的裝備關聯。這並不等同於有文件記錄該系統在戰役本身中的使用。
- 兵力生成與動員 自2022年2月起
via Armed Forces of Russia (Documented, moderate confidence)
- 2022年2月的入侵與基輔之敗 2022年2月 – 4月
via Armed Forces of Russia (Documented, moderate confidence)
有文件記錄的衝突使用
Once. On 21 November 2024 the missile struck the Pivdenmash (Yuzhmash) plant area in Dnipro; President Putin confirmed the launch that evening, named the system and described it as a test under combat conditions. United States officials described it as an experimental intermediate-range system. Ukrainian Defence Intelligence described the payload as six warheads with six submunitions each. No second combat use has been confirmed by either government. In December 2025 Russia's Defence Ministry declared a Strategic Missile Forces unit armed with the system on combat duty in Belarus.
軍種與兵種使用方
- 俄羅斯武裝部隊 有文件記錄
標註日期的變化
2025-12-30 Fielding Russia's Defence Ministry stated that a Strategic Missile Forces unit armed with the Oreshnik had gone on combat duty in Belarus. Vigil records the statement and publishes nothing about sites, numbers or readiness.
2024-11-21 Employment First and only confirmed combat use: a strike on the Pivdenmash plant area in Dnipro with multiple conventional warheads, confirmed by Russia's president the same day and read by Ukraine and the United States as a new intermediate-range system.
相關關鍵事件
Oreshnik——一枚對第聶伯發射過一次的中程飛彈
2024年11月21日，俄羅斯以一款攜帶多枚傳統彈頭的新型中程彈道飛彈，打擊第聶伯的Pivdenmash（Yuzhmash）工廠區域。普丁總統當晚證實了這次發射，將該系統命名為Oreshnik，並稱之為實戰條件下的測試，以及對烏克蘭數日前首次在俄羅斯境內使用西方長程飛彈的回應。美國官員將其描述為一款實驗性中程系統；烏克蘭國防情報總局則描述其酬載為六枚彈頭，每枚各帶六枚子彈藥。兩國政府均未證實有第二次實戰使用。2025年12月30日，俄羅斯國防部宣布一支配備該系統的戰略飛彈部隊單位在白俄羅斯進入戰備值勤。
評估截至 — 2025-12-30 最近檢視 — 2026-10-29