العبوات الناسفة المرتجلة (سجل قدرة)

السجل

الصلة بالنزاعات

هذا هو السجل الوحيد لهذا النظام في الكتالوج. وهو ذو صلة بالملف أدناه؛ ويُظهر Force Atlas الخاص بكل ملف كيف يُستخدم فيه.

المشغّلون

JNIM: The principal user across central Mali and the Burkina and Niger borderlands; claims of convoy attacks recur in the group's own messaging. · Islamic State Sahel Province: Documented in the Liptako-Gourma, including against army columns.

الدور في ساحة المعركة

Road denial and attrition: IEDs impose the convoy problem that shapes every campaign — they made MINUSMA the UN’s deadliest mission, strangle corridor traffic, and killed the defence minister in the April 2026 Kati bombing.

Typical employment

Emplacement on the routes that garrisons and convoys cannot avoid, combined with mounted ambush; the pairing with technical-mounted firepower is what turns a road strike into a convoy defeat.

How the system is commonly used, at the level of published analysis — never a procedure, a loadout or an engagement envelope.

نقاط القوة

Cheap denial of expensive mobility; ties down route-clearance capability the government has little of, and converts every road movement into a decision about risk.

مواطن القصور

Indiscriminate by nature — civilian vehicles and buses are routine victims, at direct cost to the groups’ local standing, and the UN and civil-society casualty records that document this are among the most consistent public sources on the war.

Typically used alongside

• العربات القتالية المرتجلة (شاحنات صغيرة مسلحة)الثقة: متوسطة

  Ambush on the corridors combines explosive initiation with mounted firepower; the two capabilities appear together in documented convoy attacks.

• الدراجات النارية (تنقّل المتمردين)الثقة: متوسطة

  Motorcycles provide the reconnaissance, emplacement and withdrawal that a roadside attack depends on.

الصلة بالحملات

مُستنتَج: تحمل جهةٌ مشاركة في هذه الحملات ارتباطًا مصنَّفًا بالمعدات مع هذا النظام. وهذا ليس مثل الاستخدام الموثّق للنظام في الحملة نفسها.

• تطويق Djibo منذ فبراير 2022

  via JNIM — Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (Documented, high confidence)

• حملة حصار الوقود التي تشنها جماعة نصرة الإسلام والمسلمين Declared September 2025; eased and reimposed since

  via JNIM — Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (Documented, high confidence)

• هجمات جبهة تحرير أزواد وجماعة نصرة الإسلام والمسلمين، 2026 April 2026 – present

  via JNIM — Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (Documented, high confidence); Islamic State Sahel Province (Documented, moderate confidence)

• الضغط في تيلابيري Documented pattern since 2025

  via Islamic State Sahel Province (Documented, moderate confidence); JNIM — Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (Documented, high confidence)

التعرّف البصري

None recorded, by rule: this record describes an effect on the war, not a device.

الاستخدام الموثّق في النزاعات

Documented continuously since 2013 in the Secretary-General's reports on Mali, which recorded IEDs as the leading cause of MINUSMA fatalities, and in ACLED's event data for central Mali and the tri-border area. The pattern has moved from the peacekeepers' supply routes to the state's garrison corridors and, from late 2025, to the commercial traffic the southern corridors carry. The April 2026 Kati bombing is the module's most consequential single documented instance.

التشكيلات الموثّقة

• ولاية الساحل التابعة لتنظيم الدولة الإسلامية Documented · moderate confidence
• جماعة نصرة الإسلام والمسلمين (JNIM) موثّق · ثقة عالية